OPSU Admissions SAT Scores, Financial Aid More

OPSU has open admissions, meaning that generally all qualified applicants can be admitted. To apply, interested students will need to submit a completed application form, scores from the SAT or ACT, and official transcripts of high school work. Prospective students are encouraged to visit the campus, to take a tour and see if the school would be a good fit for them. For more information about applying, including important deadlines, check out the schools website, or get in touch with the admissions office at OPSU. Admissions Data (2016) Oklahoma Panhandle State University Acceptance Rate: - %Test Scores -- 25th / 75th PercentileSAT Critical Reading: - /-SAT Math: - / -SAT Writing: - / -What these SAT numbers meanACT Composite: - / -ACT English: - / -ACT Math: - / -What these ACT numbers mean OPSU Description In 1909, Oklahoma State Legislature decided to bring secondary agricultural education to the Panhandle area, and thus created the Pan-Handle Agricultural Institute, later called Oklahoma Panhandle State University. OPSU is a small, four-year, public university whose 1,400 students are supported by a student/faculty ratio of 16 to 1. The university offers a wide variety of programs and degrees through the schools of Science, Mathematics, and Learning; Agriculture; Liberal Arts; Business and Technology; and Education. Programs in health and agriculture areas are some of the most popular. Students stay busy outside of the classroom through OPSUs many student clubs and intramurals. The university has a nine-hole golf course, a swimming pool, an indoor track, and basketball, tennis, and volleyball courts. OPSU competes in the NCAA Division II  Heartland Conference  for ten intercollegiate sports. Men’s and women’s rodeo is also extremely popular, and the men’s team has won a total of four National Championships. Enrollment (2016) Total Enrollment: 1,207  (all undergraduate)Gender Breakdown: 49% Male / 51% Female73% Full-time Costs (2016  - 17) Tuition and Fees: $7,294 (in-state), $8,233 (out-of-state)Books: $582 (why so much?)Room and Board: $5,344Other Expenses: $4,115Total Cost: $17,335 (in-state), $18,274 OPSU Financial Aid (2015  - 16) Percentage of New Students Receiving Aid: 92%Percentage of New Students Receiving Types of AidGrants: 87%Loans: 54%Average Amount of AidGrants: $4,205Loans: $5,363 Academic Programs Most Popular Majors:  Agribusiness, Agronomy, Biology, Computer Information Systems, Health and Physical Education, Nursing, Psychology Transfer, Graduation and Retention Rates First Year Student Retention (full-time students): 59%Transfer Out Rate: 8%4-Year Graduation Rate: 27%6-Year Graduation Rate: 40% Intercollegiate Athletic Programs Mens Sports:  Cross Country, Basketball, Football, Golf, BaseballWomens Sports:  Volleyball, Basketball, Softball, Golf, Cross Country Data Source: National Center for Educational Statistics If You Like OPSU, You May Also Like These Schools West Texas A M University: Profile  Oklahoma City University: Profile  New Mexico Highlands University: Profile  Colorado State University - Pueblo: Profile  Oklahoma State University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphUniversity of Central Oklahoma: Profile  Oklahoma Wesleyan University: Profile  Cameron University: Profile  Eastern New Mexico University: Profile  Oklahoma Baptist University: Profile

Constitution Comparison - 442 Words

Constitution Comparison nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;By AntiYuke I compared the U.S.A. constitution and the Australian constitution. Their differences are as abundant as their similarities. The Australian constitution is extremely long and drawn out, where as the United States constitution sticks right to the point. All in all, the two constitutions have the same goal in that they wish to bestow the same basic rights to each person. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The two constitutions both have a preamble, however the Australian constitution is many more times†¦show more content†¦The basic framework of the two is basically the same in that universally the first three deal with the Federal Government in the same order: Parliament (Australia)/Legislature (US), the Executive Government (Aust.)/Executive Branch (US), and the Judicature (Aust.)/Judicial Branch (US). Again both the US constitution and the Aust. Constitution have segments dedicated to state powers and alteration; however the Aust. Constitution goes further by dealing specifically with â€Å"Finance quel Tracle† and â€Å"Miscellaneous.† Under the US Constitution our legislature is a bicameral containing a House of Representatives and a Senate. The Australian constitution has a parliamentary system, which is not bicameral, although their system has a house of representatives and a senate; these two houses have to share power with the Queen. The Prime Minister leads the legislature. In the Australian constitution the Queen holds the executive power and also has legislative power. The Governor General is appointed by the Queen and is also the commander-in-chief. Another difference between the two countries is the Australian judicature. The High Court of Australia does not have the power of judicial review. Ultimately, in Australia the parliament and the prime minister have the complete power. I don’t believe that the Australian constitution stacks up against the US constitution. It is extremely wordy and not as well planned out in my opinion, but it’s working and they’re aren’t too many complaintsShow MoreRelatedComparison Nevada and Us Constitution Essay828 Words   |  4 PagesA Comparison of the Nevada and the U.S. Constitutions It is generally understood that the United States is built upon the principles of democracy, in which the majority consensus of the citizens helps to define the shape of issues or elections. However, in assuming that the Constitution - the document upon which such practices are founded – is inherently democratic is only partially accurate. Indeed, it has been frequently argued that the U. S. Constitution is representative of the rule ofRead MoreAn Informative Comparison Between The Constitution Of The United States And That Of Israel1567 Words   |  7 PagesThe purpose of this paper is to provide an informative comparison between the constitution of the United States and that of Israel. Although Israel does not have an official constitution in place, there are sets of basic laws and rules that will be used to draw conclusions about how they address human rights, government power and structure, and how this may affect the allied relationship with the United states. There is a rather controversial debate regarding the importance of such an ally whichRead MoreA comparison of the United States Constitution And The Declaration of Independence712 Words   |  3 PagesIntroduction The United States Constitution and The Declaration of Independence are two of America s most famous documents that laid the foundation for it s independence as a nation and separation from British rule. The following paper will compare these two documents and decipher the difference of the two. While both Declaration of Independence and the United States Constitution contain important information regarding America s independence they are also different in many respects. 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Philosophy Paper on Gods Existence Free Essays

Tiera Suggs R. McCashland Philosophy 101 Final Paper Final Philosophy Paper I will oppose Bertrand Russell’s view that believing in God is trivial and that of humans poor imagination. I will use Tim Holt’s â€Å"Philosophy of Religion† to show how believing in God is more logical than not. We will write a custom essay sample on Philosophy Paper on Gods Existence or any similar topic only for you Order Now Russell uses a few arguments to try an disprove the existence of God in â€Å"Why I am not a Christian. † I will address the â€Å"First Cause Argument,† the â€Å"Design Theory Argument,† and the â€Å"Morality Argument. † I will touch briefly on what Russell believes and then use common and widely accepted theories to refute Russell. Russell uses many reasons to support his disbelief of God and refutes many known theories explaining God but I will focus on his main points. First of which being, â€Å"The First-Cause Argument,† which basically means everything we know has a cause and no matter how far back existence is traced, there is chain events of causes leading back to one cause. Russell rebuked this argument by quoting an autobiography by John Stuart Mills,†My father taught me that the question ‘Who made me? ‘ cannot be answered, since it immediately suggests the further question `Who made god? That sentence for Russell confirms that God mustn’t exist, he also says our poor imagination created the idea of God (Russell Why I am not a Christian). Russell fails to logically disprove Gods existence because he did not adequately cast doubt upon the many other arguments that have a clearer, more philosophical standpoint. The Cosmological Argument simply states: (1) Everything that e xists has a cause of its existence.? (2) The universe exists.? Therefore:? (3) The universe has a cause of its existence.? (4) If the universe has a cause of its existence, then that cause is God.? Therefore:? (5) God exists. It does not seem logical or ideal to use an authors autobiography to try and disprove a widely accepted theory. Any person can take a set of ideas and say, â€Å"this is wrong because†¦ † but one must justify ones point. Russell’s argument carries no weight because it is not adequately philosophical. Even if you try and refute the Cosmological Argument on the grounds of saying, if everything has a cause then shouldn’t God? The Kalam Cosmological Argument takes it a step further by saying there is a difference between God and the universe, the universe has a beginning in time subjecting it to be caused/created. Since God has no beginning in time, then he is not subject to be caused/created (Holt Philosophy of Religion). The Cosmological Argument used along with the Kalam Cosmological Argument make Russell’s standpoint weaken and seem arbitrary. The next point Russell attacks in â€Å"Why I am not a Christian† is the Design Theory, which states: â€Å"Everything in the world is made just so that we can manage to live in the world, and if the world was ever so little different, we could not manage to live in it. † Russell denies that belief by saying, â€Å"†¦ ince the time of Darwin we understand much better why living creatures are adapted to their environment. It is not that their environment was made to be suitable to them but that they grew to be suitable to it, and that is the basis of adaptation. There is no evidence of design about it. † What makes his standpoint questionable is the fact that he is trying to simplify the complexity of the nature of hum ans and leaves it to coincidence.. Yes we adapt to our surroundings but how? By chance? That is too unbelievable, organs as complicated as the heart or lungs function sequentially because of chance? That notion is not logical. In â€Å"Philosophy of Religion†, The Teleological Argument however is, stating that the world was created and exists with a purpose in mind. The universe is a ordered system and nothing is left to chance. The Teleological Argument is more believable than Russell’s ‘just because’ so called reasonings. Russell’s next argument is that of morality. He believes God is not the reason for right and wrong, because if you believe in God, you believe he is all good. So how can something all good create wrong? But one can refute Russell’s statement by simply saying, morality is a set of commands so there ust be a commander (Holt Philosophy of religion). The Formal Moral Argument states: (1) Morality consists of a set of commands.? (2) For every command there is a commander.? Therefore:? (3) There is a commander that commanded morality.? (4) Commands only carry as much authority as does their commander.? (5) Morality carries u ltimate authority.? Therefore:? (6) The commander that commanded morality carries ultimate authority.? (7) Only God carries ultimate authority.? Therefore:? (8) The commander that commanded morality is God.? Therefore:? (9) God exists. The Formal Moral Argument seems more plausible than Russell’s theory. It follows a clear system and answers questions of morality, while Russell just bears the conclusion of God is good so there cannot be bad. Again, Russell’s theories are illogical and incomplete compared to ones he is trying to disprove. Russell fails to clarify his statement, his argument is not convincing and is a premature conclusion about God that he cannot even validate. Russell obviously holds some strong convictions against Christianity and God in general. But his reasoning and conclusions are not philosophical, therefore rendering them illogical and mundane. Russell’s argument is not as valid as he thinks. One needs reasons in proving or disproving something, not just banters and foolish inquires. Russell is foolish in saying God was created by humans with a poor overactive imagination, he is filled with more imagination to believe the universe and everything in it was just a random coincidence. Russell’s attempts are weak and vague, not enough to disprove complete logical statements. Works Cited Holt, Tim. â€Å"Philosophy of Religion. † 2008. 23, Nov. 2009. . Russell, Bertrand. â€Å"Why I am not a Christian. † edited by John R. Lenz for the Bertrand Russell Society. 1996. 23, Nov. 2009. How to cite Philosophy Paper on Gods Existence, Papers

Philosophy Paper on Gods Existence Free Essays

Tiera Suggs R. McCashland Philosophy 101 Final Paper Final Philosophy Paper I will oppose Bertrand Russell’s view that believing in God is trivial and that of humans poor imagination. I will use Tim Holt’s â€Å"Philosophy of Religion† to show how believing in God is more logical than not. We will write a custom essay sample on Philosophy Paper on Gods Existence or any similar topic only for you Order Now Russell uses a few arguments to try an disprove the existence of God in â€Å"Why I am not a Christian. † I will address the â€Å"First Cause Argument,† the â€Å"Design Theory Argument,† and the â€Å"Morality Argument. † I will touch briefly on what Russell believes and then use common and widely accepted theories to refute Russell. Russell uses many reasons to support his disbelief of God and refutes many known theories explaining God but I will focus on his main points. First of which being, â€Å"The First-Cause Argument,† which basically means everything we know has a cause and no matter how far back existence is traced, there is chain events of causes leading back to one cause. Russell rebuked this argument by quoting an autobiography by John Stuart Mills,†My father taught me that the question ‘Who made me? ‘ cannot be answered, since it immediately suggests the further question `Who made god? That sentence for Russell confirms that God mustn’t exist, he also says our poor imagination created the idea of God (Russell Why I am not a Christian). Russell fails to logically disprove Gods existence because he did not adequately cast doubt upon the many other arguments that have a clearer, more philosophical standpoint. The Cosmological Argument simply states: (1) Everything that e xists has a cause of its existence.? (2) The universe exists.? Therefore:? (3) The universe has a cause of its existence.? (4) If the universe has a cause of its existence, then that cause is God.? Therefore:? (5) God exists. It does not seem logical or ideal to use an authors autobiography to try and disprove a widely accepted theory. Any person can take a set of ideas and say, â€Å"this is wrong because†¦ † but one must justify ones point. Russell’s argument carries no weight because it is not adequately philosophical. Even if you try and refute the Cosmological Argument on the grounds of saying, if everything has a cause then shouldn’t God? The Kalam Cosmological Argument takes it a step further by saying there is a difference between God and the universe, the universe has a beginning in time subjecting it to be caused/created. Since God has no beginning in time, then he is not subject to be caused/created (Holt Philosophy of Religion). The Cosmological Argument used along with the Kalam Cosmological Argument make Russell’s standpoint weaken and seem arbitrary. The next point Russell attacks in â€Å"Why I am not a Christian† is the Design Theory, which states: â€Å"Everything in the world is made just so that we can manage to live in the world, and if the world was ever so little different, we could not manage to live in it. † Russell denies that belief by saying, â€Å"†¦ ince the time of Darwin we understand much better why living creatures are adapted to their environment. It is not that their environment was made to be suitable to them but that they grew to be suitable to it, and that is the basis of adaptation. There is no evidence of design about it. † What makes his standpoint questionable is the fact that he is trying to simplify the complexity of the nature of hum ans and leaves it to coincidence.. Yes we adapt to our surroundings but how? By chance? That is too unbelievable, organs as complicated as the heart or lungs function sequentially because of chance? That notion is not logical. In â€Å"Philosophy of Religion†, The Teleological Argument however is, stating that the world was created and exists with a purpose in mind. The universe is a ordered system and nothing is left to chance. The Teleological Argument is more believable than Russell’s ‘just because’ so called reasonings. Russell’s next argument is that of morality. He believes God is not the reason for right and wrong, because if you believe in God, you believe he is all good. So how can something all good create wrong? But one can refute Russell’s statement by simply saying, morality is a set of commands so there ust be a commander (Holt Philosophy of religion). The Formal Moral Argument states: (1) Morality consists of a set of commands.? (2) For every command there is a commander.? Therefore:? (3) There is a commander that commanded morality.? (4) Commands only carry as much authority as does their commander.? (5) Morality carries u ltimate authority.? Therefore:? (6) The commander that commanded morality carries ultimate authority.? (7) Only God carries ultimate authority.? Therefore:? (8) The commander that commanded morality is God.? Therefore:? (9) God exists. The Formal Moral Argument seems more plausible than Russell’s theory. It follows a clear system and answers questions of morality, while Russell just bears the conclusion of God is good so there cannot be bad. Again, Russell’s theories are illogical and incomplete compared to ones he is trying to disprove. Russell fails to clarify his statement, his argument is not convincing and is a premature conclusion about God that he cannot even validate. Russell obviously holds some strong convictions against Christianity and God in general. But his reasoning and conclusions are not philosophical, therefore rendering them illogical and mundane. Russell’s argument is not as valid as he thinks. One needs reasons in proving or disproving something, not just banters and foolish inquires. Russell is foolish in saying God was created by humans with a poor overactive imagination, he is filled with more imagination to believe the universe and everything in it was just a random coincidence. Russell’s attempts are weak and vague, not enough to disprove complete logical statements. Works Cited Holt, Tim. â€Å"Philosophy of Religion. † 2008. 23, Nov. 2009. . Russell, Bertrand. â€Å"Why I am not a Christian. † edited by John R. Lenz for the Bertrand Russell Society. 1996. 23, Nov. 2009. How to cite Philosophy Paper on Gods Existence, Papers

Accounting in Global Organisations-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the Challenges of Accounting in Global Organisations. Answer: Introduction: The following chapter delves in to the accounting system and its challenges that the global organisation faces during their business performances. As a matter of fact, several factors have been detected and the problems have already been discussed in the first chapter. This chapter would depend on the profundity of the study on various scholarly articles and the topics that have already been addressed associating the chosen topic. With constant argument and counter argument on the relevant research works, this chapter would try to find out the missing links in association with the challenges of accounting. It is clear that the management accounting professionals ought to ensure adaptation of the changes in order to keep relevance with the competitiveness in the future opportunities and practices in accounting sector. Different factors have been detected that would determine the practice of accounting of the global organisations in PAN world. These factors are: the changes in terms of technological intervention, changes in terms of business response, change bin manufacturing practices, structural hierarchy, environmental factors and organisational factors. Introduction of Global Capital Market and Its effect on Accounting: Global capital market and the recession have integral relation with each other. The global process of accounting has a standard maintained by most of the global capital companies. As a matter of fact, emergence of the capital sectors in economy has direct impact upon the accounting system. For instance, the recession of 2008 had dismantled the entire business sectors and their economic practices. due to sudden downfall of the value of the currency and the cut throat of huge number of the employees, the accounting practices experienced a sudden change. The companies felt huge challenges to carry on the same mode of quantification. In the year 2010, the global capital market faced a huge recovery having been supported by the equity market capitalisation. In this aspect, the accounting system made sure that the capital market and its strength remains intact in the upcoming years. However, it cannot to be assured that changes would not be affecting the existing accounting performances. S ince no one can predict the changes in the market in terms of the mode of cash flow and economic cycle, it is quite difficult for the capital industries to find out immediate possible ways to fight the challenges of accounting. Inspite of strong market practices by the organisations in 2009 and 2010, accounting in the trading sectors has been quite hectic. There raised the issue of credibility. Global Financial Crisis and Accounting: Accounting practices are profoundly implicated in association with the ongoing financial crisis in different countries. In order to recapitalise the strength of the financial institutions in terms of intervening in to the fact of high performance of the organisations, the accounting practices are too be set under certain standards. According to Rajhi Mala and Parmod Chand, FVA (Fair Value Accounting) is a factor to threaten the convergence of accounting practices across the world. Though FVA has been accepted by International Financial Report Standards, it has certain setbacks that would question the credibility of the same. Not only global financial crisis, but also the individual financial crisis of the countries is strongly addressed by IASB (International Accounting standard Board). Sustainability in Accounting: Business sustainability and social responsibility of the corporate lead the organisations in to the practice of successful quantification of cash flow within the company. However, International Federation of Accountants has identified several challenges pertaining to the accounting with effectiveness from the working responsibility along with environmental and corporate obligations. According to IFAC, the companies face certain challenges as the employees are not found to be flexible when it comes to the matter of accounting. Three key dimensions have been found by different scholars and even by the members of IFAC. These are economic viability, social well being, and responsibility associated with the environment. Since the accountants work in their respective areas to find out the relevance of embedding the factors of sustainability- both social and corporate, they need to grasp the changes associated with the task they are entitled to do. It has been noticed that the employees- th e accountants are captivated within a particular circle as they are likely to adhere to the rules and policies set by the organisations (Ifac.org 2017). The Inequality footprints of Nations: There is not enough doubt in the fact that income inequality exists both between the nations and within the nations. There has been an agreement in the fact that there is a possibility of an increase in both the cases. The relative causes of inequality are accredited variously to factors like natural resource possession, governance and conflict along with the changes in the technology, cost of transportation and globalization. According to the UN, inequality can be stated as an issue of social justice along with it being threat to political, economical and social constancy across the globe (Alsamawi et al. 2017). Elements to the factor of inequality like the dreadful global consequences as instability that lies socially, politically and economically has certain insinuation for the global action. There has been lack of any clear solution related to this matter and the identification of inequality along with the consequences it brings with the commitment. Consumer dollar competition has been able to drive demand for cheaper services and goods. The debate that exists around the causes of the inequality within-country and within the countries it has been rising or falling has remained unsolved. Blaming of the bad governments in countries like that is mostly generalization of issues. Global companies have been doing business with these nations. Global trade is mostly about the association of the goods between the firms positioned in various countries instead of the flow of the goods between the countries, so the firms should be taking the blame for supporting and exploiting the factor of dissimilarity (Reyes, Lenzen and Murray 2016). The inequality footprint can offer a tool in assisting the tracking of the inequality concerned in goods as they have been moving around the globe. Alternative Accounting: In the year 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) went on to issue four reporting options for simplifying the U.S. Generally Accepted Principles (GAAP) for the private organizations. In the present scenario, the FASB is making things easier for the private organizations in electing the alternative accounting or reporting methods by eradicating the preferability assessment. Little GAAP: For most of the years, the private organizations along with their stakeholders have been complaining about FASB and its cater too much into the bigger and public organizations, ignoring the private and smaller companies having less complicated issues in financial reporting. Therefore, in the year 2012, the Financial Accounting Foundation (parent organization of FASB) recognized the Private Company Council (PCC). The main role of its is the amendment of areas of GAAP that are tricky for the private organizations and advising the ways FASB could make the rules more simpler, without negotiation on the reliability factor of the information offered to the users of the financial statement (Biondi and Giannoccolo 2015). The FASB signed off four alternative options of reporting: a. Accounting Standards Update (ASU No. 2014-02), Intangibles- Goodwill and Other: Accounting For Goodwill. In this alternative, private organizations might be electing amortization of goodwill over period not exceeding 10 years, instead of testing it on annual basis for mutilation. ASU No. 2014-03, Hedging and Derivatives: Pertaining for Certain Receive-Variable, Rate Swaps of pay-Fixed Interest- Approach of Simplified Hedge Accounting. This would be facilitating the non-financial private organizations in electing an easier version of hedge accounting while using simple rate of interest swapping to lock fixed-rate loans. ASU No. 2014-07, Consolidation: Pertaining Uneven Entities of Interest Supervision to Common Manage Leasing Arrangements. This alternative simplifies the consolidation requirements of reporting of lessor in some of the classified companies letting transactions. ASU No. 2014-18, Business Combinations, Accounting for Particular Intangible Assets in Business Combination. This combination would be exempting the private organizations from identifying certain hard-to-value resources of intangible nature, like intangibles that are customer oriented, while they would be buying or merging with other organizations (Christensen and Nikolaev 2013). At the time of issue of these alternatives originally, companies did not select an alternative on or before the date indispensable for preferability of the alternative as stated in Accounting Standards Codification Topic 250. Aiming for Global Accounting Standards: From the year 2001 till 2011, the International Accounting Standard Board (IASB) along with its International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), acquired the innermost position in the exercise and regulation of the financial treatment across the globe. As an unique instance of a private segment body situation of the standards with the legal force within several jurisdictions (Albu, Albu and Alexander 2014). The rise of the IFSB into eminence has been escorted by the debates of vivid political nature about the governance and the factor of accountability. Similarly, the innovative attempts of IASB are in changing the face of the financial exposure making the centre of the frequent controversies. References: Albu, C.N., Albu, N. and Alexander, D., 2014. When global accounting standards meet the local contextInsights from an emerging economy.Critical Perspectives on Accounting,25(6), pp.489-510. Alsamawi, A., McBain, D., Murray, J., Lenzen, M. and Wiebe, K.S., 2017. The Inequality Footprints of Nations; A Novel Approach to Quantitative Accounting of Income Inequality. InThe Social Footprints of Global Trade(pp. 69-91). Springer Singapore. Biondi, Y. and Giannoccolo, P., 2015. Share price formation, market exuberance and financial stability under alternative accounting regimes.Journal of Economic Interaction and Coordination,10(2), pp.333-362. Bodie, Z., 2013.Investments. McGraw-Hill. Christensen, H.B. and Nikolaev, V.V., 2013. Does fair value accounting for non-financial assets pass the market test?.Review of Accounting Studies,18(3), pp.734-775. Ifac.org. 2017. Sustainability | IFAC. [online] Available at: https://www.ifac.org/global-knowledge-gateway/sustainability?overview [Accessed 18 Jun. 2017]. Reyes, R.C., Lenzen, M. and Murray, J., 2016. Better Global Assessment of Worker Inequality: Comment on The Employment Footprints of Nations.Journal of Industrial Ecology.